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From its ancient origins to its modern appearances in our homes and buildings today, the history of door knobs is a tale full of innovation, craftsmanship, and cultural significance. We’re sharing the history of this common piece of door hardware, tracing it through time, and exploring the different styles and materials that have contributed to its evolution. Whether you're a hobby historian, a design enthusiast, or simply curious about the objects that surround you, prepare to be captivated by the history of the doorknob.
What is the History of Door Knobs?
The door knob has an interesting history that dates back centuries. The earliest known door knobs were simple wooden or metal loops attached to doors in ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece, and Rome. These evolved over time, with more intricate designs emerging during the Middle Ages in Europe, usually featuring ornate metalwork and intricate craftsmanship.
However, it wasn't until the 18th century that the modern door knob as we know it began to take shape. In 18th-century Europe, door hardware became more standardized, with the introduction of cylindrical knobs made of materials like brass, iron, and porcelain. These knobs were often paired with matching backplates and rosettes for added decoration. During the 19th century, advancements in manufacturing techniques led to mass production of door knobs, making them more accessible to the general population. This period also saw the rise of new designs and materials, including glass, crystal, and even cut steel.
In the 20th century, door knob designs continued to evolve alongside architectural styles and technological innovations. From sleek modernist designs to retro-inspired creations, door knobs became more than just functional hardware – they also became design statements. Today, door knobs are available in a wide variety of finishes, materials, and styles, so everyone from homeowners and business owners to contractors and designers can choose from options that suit their needs. Whether it's a vintage-inspired porcelain knob for a historic landmark or a sleek, minimalist design for a contemporary space, door knobs are an important element of every building's interior style.
History and Artistry of Decorative Door Knobs
Since the 19th century, decorative door knobs have been used as small but tasteful additions to kitchens, bathrooms, and bedroom furniture. Where early American colonists used wooden doors and latches, patents were being granted for knobs. This would be the beginning of an entirely new industry of decorative hardware. After the American Revolution, American manufacturing began to include countless products, including door knobs and hardware.
The earliest recorded patent was granted to an American physician Abraham O. Stansbury for a double-acting tumbler lock. This was in 1805, and after this, many other patents were granted—over 100, in fact. Outside of these new knob innovations, most people continued to open doors with wrought-iron thumb latches. Stansbury's lock was improved on by Linus Yale, Sr. in 1848, who was the father of Yale Locks. Around the same time, cast iron knobs were also being used. Spindle knobs were introduced in the late 1800s and during the Great Depression, glass porcelain knobs took over as metal was conserved for the war. In the mid-1800s, china and ceramic knobs were imported from Europe (mainly France and England) and remained a top choice until the early 20th century. As more metal knobs were being used, wooden styles were phased out. These knobs had a main iron or steel body with a veneer of bronze or brass. The true explosion of decorative door knobs occurred after the Centennial Exposition of 1876, where ornate architecture saw a massive revival. Hardware needed to not only be functional, but a decorative complement as well. Today, you'll find door knobs of all materials, from glass and steel to higher-end options like stainless steel and solid brass.
Interesting Facts About Door Knobs
Now that we’ve reviewed the history of door knobs, let’s get into some fun facts!
- The modern door knob was invented by Osbourn Dorsey in the mid-19th century. An African American inventor, Dorsey patented his design in 1878. His invention revolutionized door hardware, providing greater convenience and accessibility in opening and closing doors.
- Vancouver implemented legislation banning round door knobs in new construction homes, opting instead for protruding levers. This decision came from concerns raised by the elderly community about the accessibility of round knobs, which posed challenges for them in getting around their homes. However, some have spoken against this ruling, arguing that the protruding levers could still pose risks, especially for younger children who could easily bump their heads on these levers.
- While the basic function of a door knob remains consistent across cultures, there are variations in design and usage around the world. For example, some cultures prefer door handles or levers over traditional knobs, while others incorporate ornate embellishments and symbolism into their door hardware designs.
A Fascinating Journey Through the History of Door Knobs
We hope you enjoyed this walk through the fascinating history of the doorknob. They’ve definitely changed over time, and it’s interesting to see that evolution unfold. Be sure to shop Direct Door Hardware for a wide selection of door knobs from the most reputable brands, including Emtek, Weslock, and Sure-Loc. Feel free to reach out to us with any questions - we’re always happy to help!